An annual well-woman exam is an important part of preventive healthcare for women at every stage of life. This routine OB/GYN checkup focuses on overall reproductive health, early detection of potential concerns, and open conversations about your body and well-being.
Whether it’s your first visit or part of your regular care, knowing what to expect can help you feel more comfortable and confident as you head to your annual well-woman exam.
What Is a Well-Woman Exam?
A well-woman exam (sometimes called an annual gynecological exam) is a preventive visit with your OB/GYN or women’s health provider. Unlike problem-focused visits, this appointment assesses your general health, addresses questions you may have, and screens for conditions before symptoms arise.
The exam is personalized based on your age, medical history, and individual needs.
What Happens During an Annual Gynecological Exam?
Your visit typically includes several key components, though not every exam includes every element each year.
Health History & Conversation
Your provider will begin by discussing topics such as:
- Menstrual cycle and changes
- Sexual health and contraception
- Pregnancy planning or menopause symptoms
- Family medical history
- Any concerns, symptoms, or questions you may have
This conversation is a vital part of the visit and helps guide the rest of the exam.
Physical Exam
A general physical exam may include:
- Blood pressure, height, and weight checks
- Breast exam to check for lumps or changes
- Abdominal exam to assess pelvic organs
These checks help monitor overall health and identify early signs of potential issues.
Pelvic Exam (If Appropriate)
A pelvic exam allows your provider to examine the vagina, cervix, uterus, and ovaries. This may include:
- Visual examination of the cervix
- Bimanual exam to assess the uterus and ovaries
Pelvic exams are not required every year and are recommended based on age, symptoms, and medical history.
Pap Smear & HPV Testing
If recommended based on your age and screening guidelines, your provider may perform:
- A Pap smear to screen for cervical cancer
- HPV testing to check for high-risk strains of human papillomavirus
These tests are usually performed every few years, not annually, unless otherwise indicated.
Additional Screenings or Discussions
Depending on your age and health needs, your well-woman exam may also include:
- STI testing
- Birth control counseling
- Menopause management strategies
- Breast imaging referrals
- Bone health discussions
- Lifestyle guidance on nutrition, exercise, and stress
Your OB/GYN visit is also a safe space to discuss sensitive topics or concerns you may not know how to bring up.
How Often Should You Have a Well-Woman Exam?
Most women are encouraged to have an annual well-woman exam, even if Pap smears or pelvic exams are not needed every year. These visits support continuity of care and long-term health.
Your provider will recommend the right schedule based on your age and health history.
How to Prepare for Your Appointment
To get the most out of your visit:
- Write down questions or concerns ahead of time
- Bring a list of medications and supplements
- Avoid scheduling during heavy menstrual flow if possible
- Be open and honest — your provider is there to help, not judge
Why Annual OB/GYN Checkups Are Important
Regular well-woman exams support:
- Early detection of health conditions
- Personalized reproductive care
- Preventive screenings and guidance
- A trusted, long-term relationship with your provider
Even when you’re feeling well, these visits play a key role in maintaining your health over time.
Frequently Asked Questions
Is a well-woman exam the same as a Pap smear?
No. A well-woman exam is a comprehensive visit, while a Pap smear is just one test that may be included when appropriate.
Do I need a pelvic exam every year?
Not necessarily. Pelvic exams are recommended based on age, symptoms, and current medical guidelines.
Does the exam hurt?
Most parts of the exam are not painful, though some women may experience brief discomfort during pelvic exams or Pap smears.
Can I still have a well-woman exam if I’m not sexually active?
Yes. Well-woman exams are important regardless of sexual activity.
If you have questions or notice changes that worry you, you don’t have to figure it out on your own. Contact us today at Birmingham Obstetrics & Gynecology at (205) 933-8334 to make an appointment. We’re here to help.